Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) Notes-Bibliography

Course Requirement: Full first footnote with shortened subsequential notes and a bibliography

Note: The Chicago Manuel of Style is now in its 18th edition. The  bibliography should list up to 6 authors (not 10), and replacing repeated authors with 3-em dash is now not allowed. The Website for the Chicago Manuel of Style will continue to update. 

Examples citations for this course

CMOS Notes-Bibliography

Sources are cited with sequentially-numbered notes creating a unique note number for each time a source is cited either as a footnote at the bottom or the page or an endnote at the end of the paper. Provide the full note the first time you cite a source and use the shorter note for subsequent citations.

Example of a first note and a shortened subsequent note:

1 Anne Beamish, “A Garden in the Street: The Introduction of Street Trees in Boston and New York,” Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 38, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 42, https://doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2017.1281034.

2 Beamish, “A Garden in the Street,” 43.

Example of a bibliography entry at the end of the paper:

Beamish, Anne. “A Garden in the Street: The Introduction of Street Trees in Boston and New York.” Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 38, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 38–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2017.1281034.


Video Tutorial

Further Resources


Note: You are still responsible for your citations even when using a citation generator.
Always verify your citations with Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide selecting Notes-Bibliography or Author-Date from the menu options.

  • Many databases will provide citations with the sources. 
    • Ebsco databases such as Academic Search Premier: Use the Cite option from the Tools option on the detailed record.
    • Google Scholar: Use the Cite option under the source information.

Note: You are still responsible for your citations even when using a citation manager.
Always verify your citations with Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide selecting Notes-Bibliography or Author-Date from the menu options.


Citation Managers allows you to easily gather, organize, store, and share sources and to instantly generate citations and bibliographies.

Resources to Cite Appropriately and Avoid Plagiarism